Nhoroondo yeRoulette
Nhoroondo yeRoulette inopfuura nemuedzo wefizikisi wakatadza, imba yekubhejera yeParis, hama mbiri muguta respa reGermany, nekasino yakaita kuti gomba rimwe chete regirinhi rive chiyero cheEurope.
Vhiri risati ravapo
- 1654
Pascal naFermat: dambudziko remapoinzi; kukosha kunotarisirwa.
Kukosha Kunotarisirwa muRoulette - 1655Vhiri risina chinangwa
Blaise Pascal, achitsvaga muchina unofamba nekusingaperi, anovaka vhiri rinotenderera rakaenzaniswa zvakanaka. Muchina unotadza; vhiri rinosara sechishandiso chisingakwizani, chinoratidzika sechisina hurongwa.
Blaise Pascal: Ngano yeVhiri reRoulette - 1657
Huygens anoburitsa bhuku rekutanga pamusoro pekutarisira.
- 1713
Jakob Bernoulli, Ars Conjectandi: mutemo wenhamba huru.
Kuswedera kweNguva Refu: Mutemo weNhamba Huru muRoulette - 1740sRoly-poly neE.O.
Dzimba dzekubhejera dzeEngland dzinotenderedza mavhiri ane makomba akaenzana nemakomba asina kuenzana. Mitambo inorambidzwa kakawanda, izvo zvinosundira mhando dzayo kuEurope.
Ndiani Akagadzira Roulette? Mavambo eRoulette - 1754
d’Alembert anoburitsa kukanganisa kwakazotumidzwa zita rake sesisitimu.
Nzira yeD'Alembert paRoulette - 1758
New France (Quebec) inorambidza madhayisi, hoca, faro ne“roulette”: chimwe chezvinyorwa zvekare kwazvo zvezita iri semutambo wekubheja.
- 1760s
“Martingale” inopinda muma dictionary echiFrench seslang yekubheja.
Nzira yeMartingale paRoulette
Mutambo
- 1796Paris, Palais-Royal
Bhuku raJaques Lablée rinonzi La Roulette rinotsanangura vhiri rine makomba maviri ekasino, 0 ne00, muimba yekubhejera muPalais-Royal. Iyi ndiyo tsananguro yakazara yekutanga yemutambo wemazuva ano.
Roulette muMabhuku - 1800s
Mavhiri eAmerica anowedzera gomba regondo: nhamba nhatu dzekasino.
Vhiri neMitemo yeRoulette yeAmerica - 1837
France inorambidza makasino; mutambo unoenda kumaspa eGermany.
- 1841
Hama dzaBlanc dzinotora rezinesi reBad Homburg.
François Blanc - 1843Bad Homburg
François naLouis Blanc vanovhura kasino muguta respa reGermany vobvisa zero mbiri. Vhiri rezero imwe rinoderedza chikamu chekasino nehafu uye rinokwevera vatambi kure nenzvimbo dzinokwikwidzana nadzo.
Bad Homburg neMakasino eSpa - 1863Monte Carlo
Kubheja pakurambidzwa muGermany yese, Blanc anotora kasino yaitambura muMonaco. Monte Carlo inova chiyero cheRoulette yeEurope; zero imwe ndiyo chiyero chayo.
Roulette yeMonte Carlo - 1866
Dostoevsky, The Gambler.
Roulettenburg yaDostoevsky - 1868
Njanji kubva kuNice kuenda kuMonte Carlo.
Casino de Monte-Carlo - 1869
Monaco inobvisa mutero wemari inowanikwa.
- 1872
Prussia inovhara makasino eGermany.
Vatambi nebvunzo
- 1870s
Labouchère anoita kuti sisitimu yekudzima izivikanwe muLondon.
Nzira yeLabouchère paRoulette - c. 1880Vhiri raJagger
Joseph Jagger, muzvinabhizimisi wemachira wekuYorkshire, anoita kuti mavhiri eMonte Carlo anyorwe obheja nhamba dzinobuda kakawandisa. Anokunda pfuma huru; kasino inotamisa mavhiri ayo, yozoachinja.
Joseph Jagger: Nzira yeRoulette kuMonte Carlo - 1891Murume akaputsa bhangi
Charles Wells anopedza machipi etafura kakawanda mumazuva mashoma, zvichikonzera rwiyo rwemusic-hall. Ongororo hadziwani sisitimu, mhanza chete uye, gare gare, kubiridzira kumwe kunhu.
Murume Akaputsa Bhangi - 1900
Pearson anoburitsa bvunzo yechi-square nedata rekutenderera kweMonte Carlo.
Bvunzo yeChi-Square - 1907
France inodzosera makasino pamutemo mumaguta emaspa nepamahombekombe egungwa.
- 1913
Nhema 26 dzakatevedzana kuMonte Carlo.
Kukanganisa kweMubheji - 1931
Nevada inobvumira kubheja mumakasino pamutemo.
Mavhiri eRoulette eLas Vegas - 1940s
Ulam navon Neumann vanotumidza nzira yeMonte Carlo.
- 1953
Fleming, Casino Royale: Bond anobheja madozeni maviri paroulette.
Nzira yeJames Bond paRoulette - 1961
Thorp naShannon vanogadzira kombiyuta yekutanga yeroulette inopfekwa.
Makombiyuta eRoulette - 1965
Dubins naSavage vanoratidza kuti kutamba nehushingi ndiko kwakanakisa mumitambo isina kuenzana.
- 1969
Ongororo yaThorp inotsanangura kuti sei pasina sisitimu yekubheja inokunda mutambo une kukosha kunotarisirwa kusiri kwakanaka.
Ngano: Nzira yeRoulette Inogara Ichikunda - 1977–81
Makombiyuta akavanzika eEudaemons muNevada: pasi peruoko muna 1978, mushangu muna 1981.
The Eudaemons - 1985
Nevada inoita kuti midziyo yekufanotaura ive mhosva. Bass anoburitsa The Eudaemonic Pie.
Kubiridzira paRoulette
Mutambo wemazuva ano
- 20th c.Kubva kumaguta espa kusvika kumascreen
Roulette inoenda kuLas Vegas zero mbiri yadzoserwa, yozoenda kumatafura eRNG online muma1990s nekumavhiri emasitudhiyo anotepfenyurwa mhenyu muma2000s.
Roulette yeEurope neyeAmerica - 1990s
Mhuri yaGarcía-Pelayo inoshandisa mavhiri anotsauka pedyo neMadrid; vanorambidzwa; matare anobvisa kurambidzwa (2004).
Gonzalo García-Pelayo: Sisitimu yeRoulette - 1996
Makasino ekutanga epaindaneti ane Roulette yeRNG.
Roulette Yemhenyu neRoulette yeRNG - 2003–06
Roulette ine mutambisi wemhenyu inotepfenyurwa kubva kumasitudhiyo; Riga neMalta zvinova nzvimbo huru.
Mashandiro eRoulette Yemhenyu - 2004
Chikwata chepaRitz chinokunda £1.3m nekufanotaura bhora; laser yakataurwa haina kumbowanikwa; hapana mhosva.
Kutamba neMukana muRoulette - 2005
UK Gambling Act: marezinesi akazara ekubheja kure.
Roulette muUK - 2012
Small naTse vanoburitsa fizikisi yekufanotaura roulette.
Fizikisi yeVhiri reRoulette - 2013
New Jersey inovhura makasino epaindaneti anotongwa nemutemo.
Roulette muUSA - 2016
Roulette ine zero nhatu paLas Vegas Strip.
Roulette yeZero Nhatu - 2018
Kurambidzwa kwekubheja pamitambo kwehurumende yeUS kunobviswa; nyika dzinoita mitemo.
- 2021
Germany neNetherlands dzinopa marezinesi emitambo yekasino yepaindaneti.
Roulette muEurope - 2026
Saiti iyi: zuva rega rega riri pamusoro, pamwe nemasvomhu acho.
Mutsara mumwe chete unokosha
Mumazana maviri nehafu emakore, mikana yeroulette yakachinja kamwe chete ichibatsira mutambi (1843, zero imwe yakabviswa) uye kaviri ichimupokana (gondo muma1800s, zero nhatu muna 2016). Zvimwe zvese, masisitimu, makombiyuta, masitudhiyo, mwenje, zvakasiya masvomhu sezvakawanikwa naLablée: 36/n − 1 pavhiri rine gomba rimwe kupfuura izvozvo.
Mibvunzo
RaPascal. Kuedza kwake nemavhiri ndekwechokwadi; kubatana neroulette itsika chete.
Mumuzana ramakore rechi19; nhevedzo yeEurope inoshandiswa nhasi yakanga yajairika panguva yeMonte Carlo.
Pamwe rinenge riri remitemo. Vhiri rapera kugadzirwa.
Kuseka zvishoma
Mazana maviri nehafu emakore, kuvandudzwa kumwe, kudzokera shure kaviri, nyaya zhinji.
Zvinyorwa
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.
- Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie.
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”
- Chellel, K. “The Gambler Who Beat Roulette.”
- Shelley, R. Roulette Wheel Study.