François Blanc
Mutungamiri wekasino akabvisa zero mbirimhandoZero mbiriGomba re00 pavhiri reAmerica. Kuvapo kwaro kunokwidza chikamu chekasino kubva pa2.70% kusvika pa5.26%.Verengai zvese →, uye akanyatsonzwisisa zvazvaizoita.
François Blanc (1806–1877) akaunza vhiri rine zero imwe kuBad Homburg muna 1843 kuti adzikise mutengo kupfuura makasino emaspa aikwikwidzana naye, ndokuzovaka Monte Carlo pavhiri rimwe chete iroro. “Chipo” kuvatambi chaiva kudzikisa mutengo kwakatenga chikamu chemusika.
Asati asvika kuHomburg
François nemukoma wake wemapatya Louis vakatanga sevamwe vanobhejera mitengo muBordeaux muma1830s, kwavakawanikwa nemhosva yekupa chiokomuhomwe kuvashandi veteregiramu kuti vazive mitengo yemabhondi eParis musika usati waziva, muenzaniso wekare wekushandisa ruzivo rwekutanga. Mushure mechirango chipfupi vakapinda mubhizinesi rekasino, kutanga muLuxembourg, vozotora rezinesi reguta diki respa reBad Homburg muna 1841.
Zero imwe
Homburg yaikwikwidzana nemaspa akanga atosimbiswa eBaden-Baden neWiesbaden, ane mavhiri aiva nemazerovhiriZeroGomba rimwe chete rakasvibira risingafukidzwi nebheti remubhadharo wakaenzana, redozeni kana rekoramu; ndiko kunobva chikamu chekasino. Mamwe mazita: zero imwe, 0.Verengai zvese → maviri. Vana Blanc vakashambadza vhiri rine rimwe. Chikamu chekasinomasvomhuChikamu chekasinoChikamu chemari yega yega yakabhejwa chinochengetwa nekasino paavhareji: 2.70% muRoulette yeEurope.Verengai zvese → chakadzika kubva pa5.26% kusvika pa2.70%, uye kushambadza kwakazvinyora kwega: kasino yega muEurope yaiva nemikana yemutambi yakapetwa kaviri. Vatambi vakauya, Homburg yakakura, uye vakwikwidzi vakazotevera. Kwakanga kusiri kupa. Kwaiva kudzikisa mutengo mumusika umo chigadzirwa chaive chakafanana uye mutengo ndiwo wega waigona kushandiswa.
Monaco
Prussia payakatora Hesse-Homburg muna 1866 uye kubheja muGermany kuchiperedzwa (matafura ekupedzisira akavharwa muna 1872), Blanc akanga atotama. Akatenga rezinesi reMonaco rakanga richikundikana muna 1863, akaisa mari munjanji nemumahotera, uye akatungamira kasino senzvimbo yezororo kwete kamuri rekubheja chete. Zero imwe yakauya naye ikava chiyero cheEurope. Mhuri yaBlanc yakabata chikamu chemari yekasino yeMonaco kwezvizvarwa zvakawanda; mwanasikana wake akaroorwa mumhuri yemachinda eRadziwiłł uye muzukuru mumhuri yeBonaparte.
Anoberekerwa muCourthézon, Vaucluse, nemapatya ake Louis.
Bordeaux: kubhejera mitengo, chiokomuhomwe cheteregiramu, kuwanikwa nemhosva.
Rezinesi reBad Homburg.
Vhiri rine zero imwe rinounzwa kuHomburg.
Anotenga rezinesi reMonaco; anotanga Société des Bains de Mer.
Njanji kuenda kuMonte Carlo inovhurwa.
Makasino eGermany anovharwa; Monte Carlo ndiyo yega mutambo pakondinendi.
Anofira muSwitzerland, mumwe wevarume vakapfuma kwazvo muEurope.
Zvaainzwisisa
Kuti chikamu chekasino mutengo, kuti vatambi vanoenzanisa mitengo kunyange vasingagoni kuiverenga, uye kuti mutengo wakaderera une vatambi vakawanda unokunda mutengo wakakwira une vatambi vashoma. Mari yeMonte Carlo pa2.70% yakapfuura zvikuru yeHomburg pa5.26% nekuti paiva nevatambi vakawanda, matafura akawanda nekutenderera kwakawanda. Masvomhu ekurasikirwa kunotarisirwamasvomhuKurasikirwa kunotarisirwaKukosha kunotarisirwa kwakapetwa nemari yose yakabhejwa; mari yepakati inorasika musesheni kana munguva yakati.Verengai zvese → (chikamu × mari yose yakabhejwamariMari yose yakabhejwaMari yese yakabhejwa musesheni kana munguva yakati, kusanganisira mari yakakundwa yakabhejwazve. Mamwe mazita: handle, action.Verengai zvese →) aiva bhizinesi rake pasati pava nemunhu akaanyorera vatambi.
Nhaka
Vhiri rega rega rine zero imwe pasi rose nderaBlanc. Ndizvo zvakaitawo nzvimbo yezororo yekasino yemazuva ano: pfungwa yekuti kasino chikamu chimwe chenzvimbo yekushanyira ine mahotera, imba yeopera nechiteshi chechitima. Vhiri reAmerica rakachengeta zero yechipiri nekuti hapana Blanc akasvika kuzodzikisa mutengo; vhiri rine zero nhatu ra2016 ndiro danho rakapesana, rakaitwa apo vatambi vakanga vasina Monte Carlo yekuenzanisa nayo.
Mibvunzo
Akaiunza uye akaiita kuti izivikanwe. Mavhiri ane zero imwe angangodaro akaedzwa kare; Homburg yakaiita mutemo.
Zvakapesana. Huwandu hwemabheti hwakakwira kupfuura kudzika kwepurofiti pabheti.
Zita remadunhurirwa remutori wenhau nekuda kwekushandura spa diki kuva guta guru rekubheja reEurope mumakore gumi.
Kuseka zvishoma
Kudzikisa mutengo, kwete chipo. Huwandu hwakaita zvimwe zvese.
Zvinyorwa
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.