Casino de Monte-Carlo
Chivakwa chakaita kuti zero imwe chete ive nemukurumbira uye nyaya dzakaita kuti chivakwa ichi chive nemukurumbira.

Yakavhurwa muna 1863 uye yakavakwazve naCharles Garnier muna 1878, Casino de Monte-Carlo ndiyo muenzaniso wenzvimbo dzese dzemakasino kubvira ipapo. Matafura ayo eRoulette anoshandisa mavhiri ezero imwe nemitemo yeFrance uye akaburitsa nyaya dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa dzemutambo uyu.
Chivakwa
Kasino yekutanga yaiva imba duku yakapfava. Muna 1878 Charles Garnier, achangobva kuParis Opéra, akawedzera Salle Garnier nepamberi pechivakwa panooneka mumufananidzo wese: shongwe mbiri, terasi yakatarisa gungwa, nenzvimbo yekubhejera yemakamuri akashongedzwa negoridhe akagadzirwa kuti mutambi anzwe sekunge kurasikirwa pano kwaiva rudzi rwekuva nhengo. Salle Europe, ine magirazi ane mavara nemachandelier masere, yakave nematafura eRoulette kubvira payakavhurwa uye ichiri nawo.
Matafura
Mavhiri ezerovhiriZeroGomba rimwe chete rakasvibira risingafukidzwi nebheti remubhadharo wakaenzana, redozeni kana rekoramu; ndiko kunobva chikamu chekasino. Mamwe mazita: zero imwe, 0.Verengai zvese → imwe kwese kwese, ane matafura ekubhejeramidziyoTafura yekubhejeraGridhi yekubhejera yakadhindwa patafura. Mamwe mazita: table, felt, cloth.Verengai zvese → emutauro wechiFrench, mabheti anodaidzwatafuraBheti rinodaidzwaBheti rinoziviswa kumutambisi panzvimbo pekuiswa neruoko, kazhinji bheti rechikamu chevhiri rakadai sevoisins kana tiers. Rimwe zita: “bheti rinoziviswa”.Verengai zvese → achitarisirwa, uye mutambi achisarudza la partagemutemoLa partageMutemo wechiFrench: kana zero yabuda, hafu yemari yakabhejwa pabheti remubhadharo wakaenzana inodzoserwa. Inoita hafu chikamu chekasino pamabheti iwayo kusvika pa1.35%.Verengai zvese → kana en prisonmutemoEn prisonMutemo wechiFrench: kana zero yabuda, bheti remubhadharo wakaenzana rinobatwa kusvika pakutenderera kunotevera panzvimbo pekurasikirwa. Rinoita hafu chikamu chekasino pamabheti iwayo.Verengai zvese → pamabheti emubhadharo wakaenzanabhetiBheti remubhadharo wakaenzanaTsvuku/nhema, isina kuenzana/yakaenzana, dzepamusoro/dzepasi. Nhamba 18, rinobhadhara 1:1.Verengai zvese → zero painobuda. Mari shoma dzekubheja dzakakwira kupfuura dzemakasino mazhinji eEurope uye mutemo wekupfeka unoteverwa kana kwasviba. Makamuri akavanzika ane miganho yakakwira ari kuseri kweaya eruzhinji. Midziyo ndeyemazuva ano; tsika, kusanganisira “rien ne va plusFR · maitiroRien ne va plus“Hapachina chinofamba.” Kudaidzira kwechiFrench kwekuti hapachina mabheti.Verengai zvese →” inotaurwa nemutambisi, ndeyezana remakore re19.
Masvomhu akavaka nyika
Pa2.70% pamabheti mazhinji uye 1.35% pamubhadharo wakaenzana, chikamu chekasino chakanga chakaderera kupfuura chemumwe mukwikwidzi upi noupi. Huwandu hwakazadzisa izvozvo: zvitima kubva kuNice kubvira 1868, mahotera pachikomo, mwaka waienderera nguva yese yechando. Pakasvika 1869 kasino yakanga yava kubhadharira nyika uye mutero wemari yemuhoro wakabviswa. Chidzidzo chakadzidziswa naBlanc ndicho chinodzokororwa newebhusaiti ino: chikamu chekasino × mari yose yakabhejwamariMari yose yakabhejwaMari yese yakabhejwa musesheni kana munguva yakati, kusanganisira mari yakakundwa yakabhejwazve. Mamwe mazita: handle, action.Verengai zvese → ndiro bhizimisi rese, uye mari yose yakabhejwa inoenderana nemutengo.
Kushanya
Makamuri makuru anogamuchira vashanyi vane makore anopfuura 18 vane chitupa; vagari venzvimbo vachiri kurambidzwa kubheja. Pane mari yekupinda mumakamuri ekubhejera nenzvimbo yemahara ine slot machines. Kana muchienda kunoona Roulette, Salle Europe manheru nekukurumidza ndiyo nzvimbo: mutambisi, rake refu, machipimariChipiChiratidzo chinomiririra mari yakatarwa, chinoiswa patafura yekubhejera kuita bheti. Rimwe zita: check.Verengai zvese → anoziviswa muchiFrench, uye vhiri risina kuchinja mikana yaro kubvira 1863.
Mibvunzo
Vashanyi vane makore anopfuura 18 vane chitupa, vakapfeka zvakanaka. Vagari vemuMonaco havabvumirwi kubheja.
Zero imwe nemitemo yeFrance ndiyo Roulette yakajairwa iri nani kwese kwese; makasino mazhinji eEurope anoenzana nayo.
Kwete zviri pamutemo. Kasino haina kumbobvuma tafura kana zuva kupfuura nhoroondo inogamuchirwa.
Kuseka zvishoma

Chikamu chekasino chakaderera, huwandu hwakakwira, njanji nemugadziri wezvivakwa akanaka chaizvo.
Zvinyorwa
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.